F. SENGPIEL PATENT PADLOCKS SUMMARY

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In 1879, Friedrich Sengpiel patented (Germany and Gr. Britain), under patent 5661, a "Resilient Keyhole Cover" - basically a spring-loaded keyhole dust cover. The patent makes no direct mention of the padlock, so, for this reason and the fact that there is no additional record of "F. Sengpiel Company" relating to padlocks, it is almost a certainty that Sengpiel Company did not actually manufacture any padlocks but received some form of compensation for the dust cover design feature.
Nonetheless, Friedrich Sengpiel formed Sengpiel Company (Schlawe, Pomerania province, Germany = Slawno, Poland today), and along with his brother, Oscar, went on to patent a "lockable key holder" (1883), a "returning lance for calvary exercises "(1896), and a" porcelin school inkwell reform "(1906/7). No more is known about the company nor Friedrich or Oscar Sengpiel.
A German Security Specialist has reported that Luling Company and it's successor, Berg Company (Volmarstein, Germany) offered the padlock in their 1902 catalog. The padlock shown, however, has a dust cover absent the "F. Sengpiel Patent" stamping. The catalog, designed for USA sales, lists the padlock as "Schwere runde Sengpiel's Patent No. 700" - clearly indicating this is a "Sengpiel model" (see picture above). Perhaps royalties would have been involved if the stamping were complete. Based on these facts and interviews conducted, it has been concluded that, in all liklihood, Luling / Berg manufactured it. Since (Friedrich-Wilhelm) Luling Company was formed between 1888 and 1890, this puts the initial date of manufacture at 1890 and the overall estimated production range as 1890 to 1920.
This is a collection of 88 padlocks. They are in 5 sizes: "A" - 6.0cm x 8.8cm x 1.93cm with 8.1mm key barrel ---- 326 grams "B" - 6.7cm x 10.0cm x 2.03cm with 9.2mm key barrel-- - 432 grams "C" - 7.9cm x 11.8cm x 2.41cm with 10.9mm key barrel ---- 695 grams "D" - 9.3cm x 13.8cm x 2.64cm with 12mm key barrel ---- 1023 grams "E" - 10.4cm x 15.5cm x 2.86cm with 13.2mm key barrel ---- 1222 grams NOTE: Measurements are approximate. There is slight variation lock-to-lock due to age and manufacturing variations. The letters "A", "B", etc. are my shorthand method of identifying the relative sizes.
The locks were "found" almost equally between Germany and Poland, with a handful from the USA, one from France, and one from Belarus.
Some padlocks have no number stamped, others do. When numbers are shown, numbers 1 through 13, 4A, 16, 17, 19, 22, 24, 28, 30, and 56 were found so far. Since it took 5 years of looking to find a lock outside the 1-12 range, those with numbers greater than 12 may have been custom made for someone. Perhaps there is another explanation.
The mystery of the numbers: If you find, for example, three F. Sengpiel padlocks and each is the same size and stamped the same - such as "4", the key patterns will be different. So why were they numbered? The number does not refer to the padlock size - since there are locks stamped "4" in all 5 sizes. I have speculated that the number may have been optional so that you could order a set of padlocks and put a different one by a particular gate or entrance (ie.

To add to the mystery, some locks with a number stamped will have a corresponding key stamped the same. Other times, the key will be absent a number. It could be that the maker stocked numbers 1 thru 12 in each size. If you wanted multiple locks for your application you could perhaps get a better price by buying a set of 12. Each would be keyed differently for additional security. If you wanted numbers higher than "12", you needed to place a special order. This conjecture is supported by the fact I have found only 6 locks numbered higher than "12" out of 83 found.
Some locks were manufactured with a chain and clevis.
Keyhole size and pin / keyhole dimensions seem to vary padlock to padlock. The keys appear to have been fitted to the individual padlock. Padlocks which have no number stamped are all keyed differently, as well.

All padlocks appear to have 4 levers - except the older style (brass key cover) in size "A" (smallest), which have 3.
Some padlocks have a brass keyhole cover and others have white metal. Older padlocks appear to use brass. To date, I have found one padlock (in the "B" size) made completely of brass - with all others with a cast iron case and shackle. The brass padlock is stamped "4A".
Padlocks appear to have had a silver paint factory finish but few still show any trace today.
Keys appear in 4-5 styles with earlier padlocks having "blacksmith made" style (ie. Folded shafts and / or bits, flattened metal bows, welded washer-like bows, etc.). The most refined, perhaps standard, issue key has no apparent welds or handmade features and has a barrel thinly tapered at the bow.
The "Sengpiel Patent" padlock shown in the Luling 1902 Catalog, printed in English for export, shows four sizes available: 2, 2.5, 3, and 3.5 inches. The padlock is described as "Schwere runde Sengpiels-Patent No. 700". The emblem on the keyhole dust cover has no printing. Incidentally, this catalog was made for export to America and other English speaking areas. This would explain, in part, the (occasional) appearance of the padlocks outside Germany and outside Europe entirely.
Pictured above are examples of each size: Size "A" --- # 1 Size "B" --- # 12 Size "C" --- # 12 Size "D" --- # 4 Size "E" - - # 5 Also shown is a lock with the cover plate removed. Notice there are 4 levers and each has a spring-back metal spring to provide tension. The large metal piece moves horizontally to retain the shackle in a closed or locked position - but only after the 4 levers are raised to the proper level. The levers are shown (a) outside the padlock (b) and inside the padlock in an open or unlocked position. 

Note: See exhibit "F Sengpiel Padlock-Early Design" for the balance of this description.
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